Montanuniversität Leoben
Hydrogen can be considered a key component in developing a clean and sustainable energy system. One of the features of hydrogen is the diversity of sources through which it can be produced. However, to reach a carbon-neutral energy source, the efficiency of hydrogen production technology and economic feasibility are to be overcome. Pyrolysis by providing heat is an alternative to turning methane into hydrogen. The energy of the pyrolysis process of natural gas (NG) can be supplied in several ways, for instance, by electrical heating furnaces or by using electricity to form plasmas. A process concept should be developed for a feasible CH4 pyrolysis and production of enriched H2 gas, as well as high-quality carbon. For that, some pre-testings were carried out using a thermal plasma facility located in the laboratory of the Chair of Ferrous Metallurgy, Montanuniversitaet Leoben. The aim is to screen the process regarding some parameters, such as the plasma gas mixture, power input, and reaction chamber. It is of high interest to establish qualitative relations between the process parameters and the utilization rate or the process stability. Based on the trials, a gas mixture of 60% Ar and 40% CH4 provides both satisfying process stability and optimized H2 yield. Higher electrical current leads to higher H2 yield, while it can reduce the process stability by overheating the electrodes. The carbon is deposited and accumulated on the inner surface of the reaction chambers. While separating the carbon from the graphite chamber is challenging, this is not a problem in using the steel chamber. However, the steel chamber can be partly melted and damaged by the excited arc. According to the pre-testings, a concept for a feasible process is developed.
Abstract
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