FEMS EUROMAT 2023
Lecture
07.09.2023 (CEST)
Application of Freeze Granulation Technique on Gas Atomized Powders to Reach Full Density through sintering and capsule-free hot isostatic pressing
AN

Anok Babu Nagaram

Chalmers University of Technology

Nagaram, A.B. (Speaker)¹; Maistro, G.²; Cao, M.³; Adolfsson, E.⁴; Magnusson, H.⁵; Berglund, R.³; Oikonomou, C.²; Cao, Y.¹; Hryha, E.¹; Nyborg, L.¹
¹Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg (Sweden); ²Uddeholms AB, Hagfors (Sweden); ³Kanthal AB, Hallstahammar (Sweden); ⁴RISE, Gothenburg (Sweden); ⁵Swerim AB, Kista (Sweden)
Vorschau
20 Min. Untertitel (CC)

It is a challenge for gas atomized powders to obtain good green density which influences the sinter density. Vanadis 4E, a powder metallurgical cold work tool steel and FeCrAl, a high temperature material is predominantly used for the high-performance applications. Therefore, these tool steels must provide excellent wear resistance, high hardness, and toughness, whereas FeCrAl must provide high corrosive resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance. To enhance the resistance to wear, hardness of the material must be improved which is attained with increase in density. In this study, to gain optimum green strength of the materials a new processing route called freeze granulation method (FG) is applied to obtain granules for cold isostatic pressing (CIP), followed by sintering and capsule-free hot isostatic pressing (HIP). For Vanadis 4E samples, sintering studies at different temperatures of 1150 °C, 1200 °C and 1250 °C respectively in nitrogen atmosphere has been explored. It is evident from micrographs that closed porosity is achieved after sintering at 1200 °C, but with presence of some open pores in the component after sintering at 1250 °C. Density measurements show that sinter density and final density after capsule-free HIP has increased with increase in temperature except at 1250 °C due to over-sintering. Microstructural investigation revealed the presence of precipitates like vanadium nitrides which have increased in size with increase in sintering temperature. For FeCrAl samples, sintering runs has been performed at different temperatures of 1250 °C, 1300 °C, 1350 °C, 1400 °C, and 1450 °C respectively. As the sintering temperature increased, the density of the material enhanced rapidly from about 85% to nearly 100% of relative density. This result assures that the need for capsule-free HIP is omitted for FeCrAl material.

Abstract

Abstract

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