MSE 2024
Poster
Identification and application of absorbable polymers for additive manufacturing of personalized stents
LA

Linus Aulich (M.Sc.)

Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik

Aulich, L. (Speaker)¹; Lavaqui, F.¹; Naydenova, A.¹; Loitsch, L.¹; Schweitzer, L.¹; Brehmer, A.¹; Hein, C.¹
¹Fraunhofer IPK, Berlin

Coronary heart disease is generally treated by the implantation of metal stents. However, treatment with metal stents can have undesirable side effects such as degradation of blood components or restenosis. In order to minimize these negative side effects, absorbable polymer stents have been developed which dissolve after successful treatment of the stenosis. In recent years, there have been numerous developments in the production of stent implants, focusing on the optimization of stent geometry, surface design, coating with various active ingredients and manufacturing processes. A recent development is the rapid production of personalized stents made of biodegradable polymers with specific size and shape using additive manufacturing processes. In this work, bioabsorbable stents were produced from biopolymers such as PLA and PCL using an additive manufacturing process. First, the absorbable polymers were examined for their thermal behavior and their suitability for the additive manufacturing of stent structures via differential scanning calorimetry. Stent structures with a layer thickness d ≤ 200 µm were subsequently manufactured from a selected PLA using a pellet printer. Several methods were applied to determine the mechanical and surface properties of the fabricated stent structures, including tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy and CT scanning as well as examination of the wettability. The absorbable polymers were then printed onto a cylindrical shaft in a specialized FDM printer with a custom-made nozzle to manufacture stents with a layer thickness d ≤ 150 µm and a corresponding process time t < 250 s. The degradation rate of the absorbable cylindrical stents was determined under physiological conditions and yielded a mass-based degradation rate Ṁ ≥ 3 % per month. Further trials will involve coating the stent structures with active substances such as Sirolimus or Paclitaxel and their release during stent degradation.

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