The primary magnesium and refining industry are facing various challenges together with other high energy consuming industries on their way to a reduced and finally carbon free existence. A recent supply crisis and interruption on the global magnesium market has also added a geo-political dimension. New and alternative transport applications have shifted the importance of light weighing in general, and magnesium as the lightest structural metal has gained advantages (in e.g.: electrical vehicles), but also found some challenges (e.g.: in the efficiency of the powertrain). The lecture will provide a global view on the magnesium supply situation, and its pathway to a lower carbon production landscape, and will also display some case studies of Magnesium in various vehicle applications.