Fraunhofer-Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Angewandte Materialforschung
Structural automotive components produced by means of high pressure die casting (HPDC) are currently gaining attention based on concepts like Giga-Casting as introduced by Tesla and copied by others, e.g. upcoming Asian OEMs. Large thin-walled components like this are prone to distortion, with subsequent heat treatments further increasing the risk. Against this background, we suggest adaptive, spatially distributed cooling systems for application during the quenching step following solution heat treatment of T6-treated parts. The aim is to minimize levels of distortion and/or residual stress on an individual part basis, taking into account process parameter variations and their effects on distortion captured via a digital twin approach. This includes development of a generalized methodology for determining locally required heat transfer coefficients for arbitrary parts, as well as the possibilities of their realization via dedicated spraying systems. Validation of the basic principle is performed first on HPDC sample components of U-shaped cross section cast at Fraunhofer IFAM using a Bühler SC/N 66 high pressure die casting machine. The underlying principle of the envisaged methodology relies on simulation of the full process chain from casting to the final stages of the solution heat treatment in order to gain process parameter dependent insight in the component state at this point as basis for control of the spraying system. The presentation will detail the simulation approach combining MAGMASOFT® for casting and heat treatment with Abaqus FEM simulations of the quenching process. The requirements determined with respect to the local spraying conditions are matched against combined CFD simulation and experimental evaluation of the spraying system. Furthermore, first results of casting, heat treatment and quenching experiments are presented and compared to theoretical predictions.
Abstract
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