Universität Paderborn
If not absolutely necessary, many implants should remain in the human body exclusively for a defined period of time and degenerate depending on time and/or load. Within the application phase, the implant should take over the entire support function and then successively transfer this to the surrounding tissue and bone. The implant should therefore lose strength and stiffness and thus absorb less load compared to the reconnected bone structure. This has the advantage that a targeted growth-promoting load stimulation of the bone can take place and, in addition to stress shielding, explantation can be avoided. Potential materials for implants that temporarily remain in the body and lose strength and stiffness depending on the load are metallic systems such as titanium alloys. These have a passivating titanium oxide layer and consequently a high corrosion resistance as well as excellent biocompatibility. In terms of mechanical properties, however, titanium alloys have a significantly higher modulus of elasticity compared to human bone. By clever structure and geometry selection, the specific strength and stiffness of the structure produced by selective laser beam melting can be reduced and adapted to the requirements of the medical application. In this paper, load-dependent degenerating implants made of the metallic alloy Ti6Al4V are addressed. Using the example of osteosynthesis plates made of Ti6Al4V already used for the treatment of bone fractures, structural areas are to be designed by means of numerical simulations in such a way that they slowly partially fail over a defined period of time under cyclic load, thus adapting to the requirement profile of bone healing. Against this background, additive manufacturing, in particular selective laser beam melting, is to be used as a potential manufacturing process for the individualized implants.
Poster
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