The analysis of solid samples using inductively coupled plasma emission or mass spectrometry (ICP-OES or ICP-MS), commonly involves microwave-assisted pressure digestion. This process transforms the solid samples into a liquid and, if necessary, isolates the samples matrix. This also allows the utilization of widely accepted sample introduction techniques, such as pneumatic nebulization. However, sample digestion bears the risk of contamination, sample loss and extends the necessary analysis time.

As an alternative for direct solid sampling, electrothermal vaporization (ETV) can be used in combination with ICP-OES and ICP-MS. The presented study focusses on the development and application of an ETV system utilizing a heated basket-shaped coil and an integrated crucible, both made of tungsten (W-ETV). In this system, solid samples can be directly weighed into the crucible before being placed into the coil. By adjusting the current and voltage, a multi-step temperature program can be realized, which allows to first remove the sample matrix before analyte vaporization and the introduction of the resulting aerosol into the ICP.

In this presentation insights will be given in the process of developing the W-ETV system and important factors influencing the design considerations will be outlined and critically discussed. State-of-the-art of the current system will be described and an outlook on future design modifications will be given.