Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) tends to produce unique microstructures arising from rapid, directional cooling. These microstructures impact the damage mechanisms of PBF-LB/M-components differently compared to conventionally manufactured variants of the same alloy. In particular, we present results of a study of the evolution of creep damage in stainless steel 316L specimens produced by PBF-LB/M. We used X-ray computed tomography to unravel the influence of the process-specific microstructure from the contribution of the initial void distribution on creep damage mechanisms. Therefore the void distribution of specimens tested at 600 °C and 650 °C was analyzed before the creep test, after an interruption, and after rupture. We conclude that the formation of damage is not connected to the initial void distribution. Instead, an accumulation of damage at grain boundaries resulting from extensive intergranular cracking is observed. We compared this creep induced intergranular damage of PBF-LB/M/316L to hot rolled 316L.
Abstract
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