In recent decades, studying element, metal, and protein distribution in tissues has gained momentum, particularly in pharmaceutical and biomedical research. This research focuses on developing targeted diagnostic and therapeutic solutions for stroke-related diseases. Cerebrovascular incidents, such as ischemic stroke, are among the leading causes of mortality in developed nations. Timely intervention is critical, and bio-degradable iodinated nanoparticles (IoNPs) present a promising advancement as contrast agents in stroke imaging and treatment.

To ensure their success in clinical applications, a comprehensive evaluation of IoNPs pharmacokinetics and dynamics is essential. Combining computed tomography (CT) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) imaging techniques provides a robust framework for analyzing the effectiveness of IoNPs in theranostics. This dual imaging approach not only assesses IoNPs distribution but also positions LA-ICP-MS as a potential "gold standard" for IoNPs research.

Additionally, LA-ICP-MS offers a novel pathway for multiplex analysis of proteins, enabling the simultaneous determination and imaging of specific proteins in clinical samples, such as those from stroke or cancer patients. By utilizing nanoparticle-labeled antibodies for protein detection, this technique provides superior sensitivity and comprehensive metallo-proteomic insights compared to conventional methods. The integration of LA-ICP-MS in proteomics research opens up new possibilities for both basic and translational medicine, particularly in the context of neurovascular diseases like ischemic stroke.