Fraunhofer-Institut für Lasertechnik ILT
Finishing processes for textiles are also increasingly used in the personalization of sportswear and workwear as well as in the production of smart textiles. While textile finishing focuses on the high-quality look and feel of the applied ornaments, applied ornaments for smart textiles must serve a functional purpose. The aim is to integrate electronic components such as sensors, lighting or circuits into the textiles. Also suitable textile-compatible flexible connections must be created for data transfer and power supply. This is currently achieved by stitching in cables and conductive yarns or by printing the conductor paths. However, these two process approaches have key deficiencies that prevent their use in numerous fields of application in the field of smart textiles. These are, in particular, the complex and costly application of the conductive structures and the damage to the base textile. Laser welding of metals onto flexible textiles represents an alternative approach. The desired metallization can be applied by locally precise controllable energy deposition using laser radiation. The process can be used to weld precious metals in foil form directly onto thermoplastic textiles without pretreatment. The produced microstructures are extremely resistant to abrasion and kinking due to a strong bond between the joining partners. If metals such as copper and silver are welded, high conductivities can be achieved. Another advantage of the process is the high resolution of the structures that can thus be created on the textile substrate. To investigate the potential of the process, commercially available textiles are locally finished with various precious metals. An evaluation is made with regard to conductivity and abrasion resistance. By varying the laser power and the feed rate, the influence of the deposited energy on the finishing is investigated. Supplementary spectral and microscopic examinations provide information on the dimensioning of the applied finishing.
Abstract
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