Understanding the influence of the microstructure on the evolution of dislocations is fundamental when simulating material behavior during plastic deformation. In the present work, we focus on the effect of solutes and precipitates. Compression tests are conducted on aluminum alloys (AA6016, AlSi, AlMg) after various artificial aging treatments, to examine the influence of the solutes and precipitation state on the strain hardening behavior. Using the thermo-kinetic software package MatCalc, measured flow curves are modeled with an extended Kocks-Mecking approach to investigate the dependency of the model parameters on the material state. As a first step, the objective is to assess the influence of Si and Mg solutes on dislocation generation and annihilation in aluminum alloys and compare the results with the state-of-the-art theory on constitutive modeling thereof.