Austenitic stainless steels are additively manufactured (AMed) using a variety of process parameters, where nanotwin development is seen. Nanotwins, which form as a result of the high strain quick solidification inherent to laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) AM, were identified by transmission electron microscopy. The deformation nanotwins stimulated dynamic recrystallization (DRX) during LPBF, as well as upon room-temperature deformation. To identify the prerequisites for twinning-induced DRX, a thermostatistical model is proposed. With this modelling strategy, austenitic stainless steels can be microstructurally engineered for possible applications requiring high strength and ductility.