Metal plating workers are exposed to hazardous metals, primarily through inhalation of airborne particles and aerosols released from heated galvanization baths. These baths often contain toxic and carcinogenic substances, such as hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in chromium trioxide or nickel salts. Long-term exposure in inadequately protected environments poses serious health risks.

To assess occupational exposure, this study measured Cr and Ni concentrations in the blood and urine of workers in a Slovenian metalworking factory, during periods of increased workload. The factory has a ventilation system designed to remove toxic vapours using specialized filters. However, small amounts of Cr(VI) and Ni may still escape, leading to potential exposure. Urine samples were collected at the end of a workday, while blood samples were taken during shifts. Air samples were also collected near the galvanization bath and in an area where workers spend most of their time. For comparison, biological samples were obtained from administrative employees and from partners of participating workers (control group). All collected samples were prepared accordingly and analysed using ICP-MS. This work is a part of a broader investigation into the toxic effects of chromium galvanization, its life cycle, and its impact on workers and nearby residents.