Hochschule Niederrhein
The printing on textiles is a traditional technique to realize coloration and functionalization of textiles. Traditional textile printing techniques are for example screen printing and roller printing which are used today broadly for printing with color pigments. In recent years as new versatile technique the digital printing has been developed and established in textile industry. These traditional printing techniques and the new digital printing enable the modification of textile surface mainly in two dimensions. In contrast to this, 3D-printing technology offers also the chance to functionalize textiles in the third dimension. Possible applications can be printed buttons and locking systems, which are related to traditional items. Also items for mechanical protection can be printed on textile, e.g. for realization of protective sport clothing. Finally elements for decorative and design purposes can be realized by 3D-printing on textile, this is especially attractive due to the possible high personalization of this method. By this, the demands of the single customer can be covered by a unique personalized textile product. Additional to the aimed function it is also important for the success of a textile application that the printing materials contain a good stability on the textile substrate. For this, it is absolutely necessary to reach a good abrasion and washing fastness of the printed material. The printed 3D-object has to be permanently fixed onto the textile substrate. The actual study describes a variation of parameters which are able to optimize the fixation of a 3D-printed object. These parameters are the type of textile substrate, chemical pretreatment of the substrate, the textile roughness and a plasma treatment. Different kind of textile materials as cotton, nylon and polyester are investigated. As chemical pretreatments simple washing processes but also application of precursors can be used. Additionally to the textile properties, also the parameters of printing process, as printing speed and temperature, are investigated. To evaluate the quality of 3D-prints onto textiles several testing procedures are developed especially to determine the adhesion force between the 3D-object and the textile substrate. Results of different washing- and abrasion procedures are presented. Altogether it can be concluded that the presented technique has a high potential to realize new, innovative and especially individualized textile products.
Abstract
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