Membrane-based carbon capture has emerged as a crucial technology for two critical applications: carbon dioxide capture from power plant emissions and blue hydrogen production. In the context of power plants, where large quantities of carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere, membrane separation offers a promising approach to efficiently capture and sequester carbon dioxide. This study investigates the performance of various membrane materials and configurations for carbon capture from power plant flue gases. The focus is on evaluating the selectivity and permeability of membranes under practically operating conditions, as well as optimizing the process for high efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Moreover, the study explores the integration of carbon dioxide membrane separation in blue hydrogen production processes. Blue hydrogen, produced from natural gas with carbon capture and storage, has gained significant attention as a low-carbon alternative to conventional hydrogen production. Membrane separation plays a critical role in separating and purifying carbon dioxide from the reformer off-gas stream and/or reformer flue gas stream, mitigating environmental impact while producing hydrogen. Through comprehensive experimental analyses and process simulations, this research aims to contribute to the advancement of carbon dioxide membrane separation technologies for power plant and blue hydrogen production. The results and insights gained from this study can potentially facilitate the upscaling and implementation of these sustainable membrane technology, ultimately fostering a cleaner energy landscape.