The preservation of allogeneic transplants (AT) for their subsequent successful transplantation remains an urgent problem of modern medicine till today. Depending on the type and characteristics of the expediency of transplantation, the methods of preservation of AT can change, contributing, in particular, to the storage prolongation in the terms of their quality due preservation and biological suitability. The storage conditions and duration of AT directly depend on the media with which it comes in contact (containers, preservative, etc.). Packaging materials and systems made of synthetic polymeric materials, widely used in biology and medicine, must, first of all, be safe, i.e., have: aseptic properties, antibacterial activity, biocompatibility to the conserved materials and living tissues, and, if necessary, to provide the phenomena of biomimetic or bioepitaxy. To solve the problem of creating containers for aseptic and guaranteed storage of high-quality AT, achievements in the field of physical chemistry, modern nanotechnology (NT) were used. The research was carried out in the framework of a joint project with the Department of Science-Intensive Technologies of Moscow Aviation Technological Institute and Radioelectronics of Moscow State University, where advanced NTs were developed in relation to nanomodification of a polymer surface in order to obtain (nano-modified surface - NMS. The preparation of nanocomposite polymer materials (NCPM) was achieved by forming a preliminary nanostructured surface of a polymer substrate (NSS) by ion-plasma treatment in vacuum using ions of reactive and / or inert gases in order to obtain a relief with specified parameters. Subsequently, on the prepared NSS substrate, ion-stimulated deposition of a modifying carbon-containing film (MCCF) from a plasma-forming gaseous medium was carried out in order to obtain biocompatible NMS with specified surface properties. The resulting NMSs were inert and highly chemically resistant to the biosphere and human living tissues; such NCPM can be recommended for use in the manufacture of medical devices such as medical probes of various types, catheters, drainage tubes.

The obtained results of the NMS study allowed us to propose a method for aseptic storage and safe transportation of contact and intraocular lenses (Patent RU №2120807;27.10.1998).

The characteristics of the NMS obtained had certain surface properties: aseptic, bactericidal, and bacteriostatic. However, the applied technologies of preliminary NSS limited the range of changes in the surface relief by the deposition of chemical compounds from a gas mixture, which did not allow the creation of matrix structures, and that in turn limited their use as biologically active structures. The formation of a multilayer system with improved adhesive properties of the substrate at the stage of obtaining NSS was achieved by modifying the physicochemical regime of surface nanostructuring technologies for the subsequent deposition of MCCF using ion-stimulated deposition from a gas mixture of certain chemical elements in vacuum. This made it possible to obtain more biologically active nanocomposite polymer surfaces with the desired properties of the biological activity of the NCM surface.

The data from our biomedical studies have shown that the obtained properties of NMS containers can guarantee the long-term preservation of high-quality AT, for example, donor cornea (DC). When developing a special container for aseptic storage and transportation of AT, in addition to the aseptic and certain barrier properties of NMS in an aggressive environment, in the course of experimental and clinical studies after surface treatment of high molecular weight polymeric materials with organic compounds based on MCCF, other properties of the NMS polymer were revealed. Combinations of technological modes for obtaining NSS on the initial polymer surface, and conditions for deposition of a wide variety of chemical nanocomposites on NSS are endless in their variety. That is, nanocomposites on NSS, in this case, are countless, infinitely variable and multi-functional. In the course of work on this project, a special shape of the container for the native donor cornea forme was also calculated and developed, which, for example, imitates the native shape of the cornea, in order to avoid its slightest deformation, which inevitably leads to apoptotic and even to necrotic changes in donor tissue with DC rejecting. This was confirmed when creating a special container for the long-term storage and safe transportation of DC, preventing any deformation and stress of the donor material, which contributed to the prolonged storage of high-quality material. The applied technological capabilities to create an original container contributed to the prolonged storage of high-quality AT.

So, based on these results and conclusions, a method was developed for the conservation of viable donor corneal tissue by creating conditions for long-term storage as close to physiological conditions as possible. (Patent RU №2690153,28/06/2017). Donor Cornea was used as a model for the Allogeneic Transplant preservation, since the cornea is the unique biological tissue which is ontogenetically developing from 3 different germ layers - the source of the all organs and body systems living tissue somatic cells.

Key words: transplantology, nanotechnology, nanostructured surfaces, aseptic storage, prevention of biofilm formation, biocompatibility, allogeneic grafts.