Application of modern experimental techniques and mathematical modeling development in order to describe the phase transformations of alloys in the field of material science studies with applications to interdisciplinary research in geosciences represent the main focus of the talk. Originally araised from nowadays challenges in understanding environmental/climate development the problem was investigated from the point of developing the proper experimental set up and providing the measurements on the model system of natural process in terms of metallic alloys. Today the thermodynamics and interactions of ice masses with the ocean and atmosphere represent a central theme in glaciological studies having a strong connections with climate agenda while understanding the phenomenon is limited due to the restrained experimental access. In order to develop the original mathematical model which would take into account moving boundaries and energy budget and verify it both analytical and numerically, an adequate data is on high demand for the laboratory scale investigations. Thus the experiment was designed to provide the data for the analysis based on AlCu alloy: the concentration profile was created by a combination of directional solidification and thermal holding and analyzed by electronical microscopy in combination with spectroscopy. Also the data set on local temperatures, temperature gradients in combination with heat flow were obtained that can be used as parameters for the theoretical description. The mathematical model describing evolution of false bottoms between an under-ice melt pond and the underlying ocean during summer was modified according to the experimental datasets obtained and thermodynamic calculation of temperature dependent phase equilibria. The current results represent a part of complex research of «Theoretical and experimental studies of false bottom effect in applications to climate change solution».